 Feed the world
【本课教学目标】
相关知识
1．民以食为天，粮食是世界上绝大多数人直接的、主要的食物，即使动物性的食物也是由粮食和其他植物性原料转化而成的。
2．人类早在1万年前就开始种植作物，目前全世界约有10亿人从事农业。农业发展大致经历了原始农业、传统农业和现代农业三个阶段。
3．粮食问题是当今世界五大问题(能源、人口、粮食、资源和环境)之一。世界粮食问题包括两个方面：一方面占世界人口大多数的亚非拉地区粮食匮乏，人民营养不足，有些国家饥荒严重，又无力进口粮食，甚至每年世界上有几千万人饿死；另一方面少数发达国家粮食过剩、大量积压、浪费严重。前者是问题的主要方面。
4．粮食问题产生的根源是地区生产不平衡，国家间的分配不均。主要是因为：(1)旧的国际经济秩序依然存在；(2)粮食地区生产和消费的严重不平衡；(3)发展中国家贫困，粮食生产仍较落后；(4)人口增长快。
句子分析
1．My only regret is that is’s quite a long way from all my friends．
我惟一遗憾的是那里离我所有的朋友都太远。
that引导的从句作句子的表语，称为表语从句，用来说明主语 regret 的内容。例如：
Wang Junxia’s greatest regret in the 1996 Olympic Games was that she didn’t get gold medal in the 10，0000-metre race．
王军霞在1996年的奥运会上最大的遗憾是她在1万米赛跑中未能拿到金牌。
2．Today farming employs more people than any other type of work．
目前从事农业的人比从事其它任何行业的人都要多。
more than any(other) + 比较对象，这是用比较级的句型表示最高级的概念。例如：
The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China．( = The Changjiang River is the longest fiver in China)长江比中国的任何一条河都长。
在这一句型中，any 表示“任何”；any other表示“任何别的”，说明比较的对象属于同一范围。又如：
China is larger than any country in Africa．
中国比非洲的任何国家都大。(不在范围内)
China is larger than any other country in Asia．
中国比亚洲的任何别的国家都大。(在范围内)
3．It is thought l billion people，that is half the world’s workers，earn their living by farming．据认为有十亿人，也就是全世界劳动人口的一半，是靠务农谋生的。
本句属于 It is／was thought + that 从句。it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句例如：
It is thought that the food in this supermarket is cheap．人们认为这个超市里的食品便宜。
It is known to all that the earth travels round the sun．众所周知，地球是绕着太阳运行的。
4．First，it is being built on．( = First，buildings are being built on the land．)
第一，在耕地上搞建筑。
要注意在被动语态的句子里，介词很容易被忽视，在这里介词 on 不能少。例如：
The patient is being operated on．正在给这个病人做手术。
The children are being taken good care of．孩子们被照顾得很好。
5．In the European Union(EU)，where 81％ of the land is farmed，there is
plenty of food，in fact often too much．
在欧洲联盟有81％的土地用作耕地，在那儿粮食很充足。事实上，粮食常常是太多了。
(1) where 引导的非限制定语从句修饰先行词 the EU．
(2) 百分数加名词作主语的句子，其谓语动词必须和其后的介词 of 后的名词的数保持一致。
语言要点
1．Yes，I sure am．是的，我的确饿了。
sure 在这儿是副词，在美国英语中，sure 常用来表示“当然，可以”的意思，相当于英国英语的 certainly／of course。在表示这一意思时，用 sure 或surely 都可以。例如：
“May I borrow your knife?”
“Certainly／of course／sure／surely．”
“Can you dance?”“I certainly can!”／“I sure I can!”
2．Right now I could eat an ox．( = I’m so hungry now that I could eat a
whole ox．)现在我吃得下一头牛。
could 表示一种虚拟语气，是一种与事实不相符的夸张说法。
3．All the same I expect you’ll enjoy coming into town now and again．( =Even though you will be quite a long way from your friend，I expect you’ll enjoy coming into town．)
尽管如此，我还是盼望你常来城里。
(1)all the same (虽然)……还是(even so)
You say the bridge is safe；I shall take care all the same．
虽然你说这桥很安全，但我还是要小心。
It was raining hard，but we got there in time all the same．
那时下着大雨，但我们还是准时到达那儿。
(2)now and again 有时，不时地(from time to time，at times)
I don’t think about my old home very much，only now and again．
我不是非常想老家，只是有时会想起。
His students come to see him now and again．他的学生们时常来看他。
4．It is thought 1 billion people，that is half the world’s workers，earn their living by farming．据认为有十亿人，也就是全世界劳动人口的一半，是靠务农谋生的。
(1)...,that is half the world’s workers, ...,作为插入句，是对 1 billion people 的进一步说明。
(2)earn 赚，挣(to get money by working)；博得，赢得(to get sth. because of one’s qualities)
He earns ￥3000 a year by writing stories．他写小说每年挣 3000 元。
His courage and strong will earned him the admiration of his comrades．
他的勇敢和坚强的意志博得了大家的赞扬。
earn one’s living“谋生”、“挣钱过活”
He began to earn his living at the age of twelve．他12岁就开始自谋生活。
5．For one thing，two thirds of the earth’s surface is water，although this does provide a lot of food in the form of fish．
首先，地球表面三分之二是海洋，尽管海洋确实提供了大量可作食物的鱼类。
(1)For one thing... ( = One reason why it is difficult to feed the world’s population is that...)作“首先”，“一则”解，用来列举理由。后面有时跟 for another(其次，再则)。例如：
I can’t go．For one thing，I have no money；for another，I have no time．
我去不成。一则没有钱，再则没有时间。
The house was poorly built；for one thing，the roof leaked．
房子造得很差，理由之一是屋顶漏雨。
(2) does provide 确实提供了。助动词 do 用在陈述句、祈使句中可加强语气，要重读。例如：
He did tell me he would go aboard．他确实告诉我他要出国。
强调否定意思的用 never。例如：
Never tell her the sad news．千万别把这个不幸的消息告诉她。
Never forget this lesson．千万别忘了这个教训。
(3) in the form of 以……的形式
Cars pollute the air in the form of waste gas．
汽车以排出废气的形式污染空气。
6．What can be done in order to make sure that no one in the world goes hungry? 为了确保世界上没有人挨饿，人们可以做些什么呢?
go hungry 作“挨饿”解。go + adj．表示“转变成……”，go 是系动词，作“变得”解。这个结构常用来表示情况变坏。例如：
The machine goes wrong．机器出了毛病。
His illness is going worse．他的病情正在恶化。
7．In the European Union(EU)，where 81％ of the land is farmed，there is plenty of food，in fact often too much．
too much 太多，在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。例如：
Don’t think too much of yourself．不要自以为了不起。
There is too much rain these days．最近雨水太多。
Too much has been done．已经做得太多了。
8．They would not vote to lose their land and wealth，even if it resulted in a fairer society．
使自己的土地和财产遭受损失的事，他们是不会投赞成票的，即使这样做的结果能导致一个更为公平的社会。
(1) vote v．n．投票，选举，表决
Money for a new school was voted by the board．创办一所新学校的钱已由董事会通过。
(2) result in 结果，终归，导致
The accident resulted in the death of 2 passengers．那次事故导致两个乘客的死亡。
9．Many less-developed countries are in debt because they borrowed money from richer countries in order to develop industry．许多欠发达国家都负了债，因为它们从较富裕国家借钱来发展工业。
(1) less-developed adj．由副词 + 过去分词构成的形容词。例如：widely-used，well-known等。
(2)in debt to 欠(……的)债；欠(……的)情；受(……的)恩惠
He is deeply in debt．他债台高筑。
Right now he is in debt to me for more than 20，000 yuan．现在他还欠我两万元。
I’m deeply in debt to you for your help. 我对你的帮助感激不尽。
【重点难点解析】
新知讲解
名词性从句作主语、表语与同位语
名词性从句要注意的几个问题：
1．主语从句：要注意下面几点：
(1)连接词放that 引导主语从句时，that 不可省略。
(2)主语从句只能用 whether，不能用 if。
2．表语从句：要注意下面几点：
(1)连接词 that 引导表语从句时，通常不可省略，口语中可以省。
(2)表语从句只能用 whether，不能用 if。
(3)表语从句还有两个连接词，as if 和 because。
It looks as if it is going to rain．看来要下雨。
That is because he missed the morning train．那就是因为他没赶上早车。
3．同位语从句：同位语从句前通常是这类名词：order，fact，idea，plan，
suggestion，news，hope，belief 等。
A．做题技巧
作名词性从句要注意作题技巧：主要看从句中缺少什么成分，缺少什么成分，补什么成分。请做下面一组题。
①________ you need is more practice．
②________ we shall have our sports meet is still a question．
③________ we need more equipment is quite obvious．
④That was________ they were defeated．
⑤The fact remains________ we are behind the other groups．
⑥I have no idea________ we want to go next Sunday．
⑦We expressed the hope________ we would visit the city again．
⑧________ is troubling me is ________ I don’t have much experience in
this kind of work．
⑨That is ________ the key lies．
⑩That is ________ we are firmly against．
答案及分析：
① What，在从句中作 need 宾语。
② When，在从句中作时间状语。
③ That
④ how，在从句中作状语。或 why 在从句中作原因状语。
⑤ that
⑥ where，在从句中作 go 的地点状语。
⑦ that
⑧ What 在主语从句中作主语；that 在表语从句中不作成分。
⑨ where 在从句中作地点状语。
⑩ what 在从句中作介词 against 宾语
B．翻译技巧
名词性从句连词有两种译法：
what 什么；所……的。
why 为什么；……的原因。
where 哪儿；……地方。
试将上面十题译成恰当的汉语。
参考答案。注意下面带•字的翻译。
① 你需要的是更多的练习。
② 我们举行运动会的时间／什么时候举行运动会还没有定。
③ 我们需要更多的设备，这是很明显的。
④ 他们就是这样被打败的／那就是他们被打败的原因。
⑤ 现在情况仍旧是我们比别的组落后。
⑥ 我不知道下周日我们要去哪儿。
⑦ 我们表达了下(再)次访问这座城市的愿望。
⑧ 使我苦恼的是我做这类工作经验不足。
⑨ 那就是钥匙所在的地方。
⑩ 这就是我们坚决反对的。
旧知归纳
▲要点归纳
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。这四种从句的句子结构一样，都是由一个连接词和一个陈述句构成的。名词性从句的连接词有：that (无中文意思，也无语法功能)；whether／if as if／as though (有中文意思，但无语法功能)；what (在从句中做主语，表语或动词的宾语或介词的宾语)；who (在从句中作主语，或代替 whom 作表语或宾语)；whose (在从句中作定语，来修饰人的)；which (在从句中作物的定语或指代物做主语，表语和动词或介词的宾语)；whom (在从句中作表语，动词的宾语或介词的宾语)；when (作时间状语)；where (作地点状语)；how (作方式状语)；why(作原因状语，但后面所接的应是动作的结果)；because (作状语表示原因)等．
▲典题剖析
1．______ he was chosen made us very happy．
A．What B．That C．／ D．If
误点 A，C，D 均有中英文的差异存在，故有一定的混淆概念。答案应选：B。
解析 由于句子结构完整，故不选 A。That 引导主语从句，不能省略，故不能选 C。If 不能引导主语从句。
捷径 主语从句应由连接词 that，whether，who，what，which 和连接副词 where，how，why 引起。
(1)主语从句放在句首，句子有时会显得头重脚轻。因此，一般把它移到后面，前面用引导词 it 做形式主语，that 不能省略。例如：
That paper was first made in China is a well-known fact．= It is a well-known fact that paper was first made in China．
(2)由 wh- 疑问词引导的主语从句可以置于句首，也可以用形式主语it。但如果主句是疑问句，从句只能用 it 来引导。
2．______ do you think is the best pupil in Class One?
A．Who B．What C．Whom D．Of whom
误点 B 没有排除干扰项，因此对句子的结构会产生误解。
解析 做题时应首先将句子的结构作为主要的突破口。这个句子可分为：do you think 和... is the best pupil in Class One，不难看出do you think 是干扰项。在英语的习惯表达中，一些经常用来表示心理状态的行为动词如：think，suppose，guess，imagine，believe 等可以作为插入语在句中使用，因此加大了对句子理解的难度。其实做这样的题型是很简单的：只要把插入语提出，句子的各个成分是很容易看出的。本题的答案应选：A。
捷径 平时应加强对英语习惯表达法的学习与研究，同时更要注意语言素质的训练与提高。
高考焦点
一、基础训练题
填入适当的并列连词(或连接副词)
1．We heard the news ________ our team had won the football game．
2．They are not looking into the problem ________ he is trust worthy
3．________ Jack said was very inspiring．
4．I have no idea ________ he will be back；but he is said to be back in three days．
5．He told me the reason ________ he was late．
6．It is important ________ we should be both red and expert．
7．The trouble was ________ the little boy lived．
8．________ Mary found her dictionary or not was still unknown．
9．Mother would like to know ________ present is hers．
10．________ he will not pass the examination is certain．
11．The foreigner said，“________ I want to know is how you are going to realize the four modernizations．”
12．________ many students will be invited to the celebration is not decided yet．
13．________ will attend the meeting is not known yet．
14. Do you remember the promise ________ you will do the work all by yourself?
15. ________ he has promised to do for me is to help me with my English.
16. Could you tell me ________ pronunciation is the best in your class?
17. It seems ________ Tom's plan is a good one.
18. I doubt ________ his advice will be helpful to our work.
19. ________ the sun in the morning looks bigger than the sun at noon is very interesting.
20. The question is ________ word is more exact, this one or that one?
二、历届高考综合题
1. There is no doubt ______ our team will win the game.
A. what B. why C. about D. that
2. I doubt ______ our team will win the game.
A. what B. that C. whether D. /
3. I'm thirsty. ______ we need is water.
A. All what B. Which C. All D. That
4. —He was late for school. What's the reason?
—This was ______ he got up late.
A. how B. that C. why D. because
5. This is ______ they want for the experiment.
A. what B. how C. which D. that
6. ______ troubling me is ______ I don't have experience in this kind of job.
A. Who' s; what B. All that; which
C. What' s; that D. Which; when
7. ______ they succeed or fail is not yet known.
A. Whether B. If C. What D. As
8. ______ we shall spend the night hasn't been decided.
A. What B. That C. When D. Where
9. They have no idea at all ______.
A. where he has gone B. which place he has gone
C. where has he gone D. where did he go
10. It happened ______ they were absent.
A. what B. that C. where D. if
11. The news ______ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.
A. what B. that C. why D. when
12. He didn't live up to ______ had been expected of him.
A. which B. what C. that D. all what
13. Could you tell me ______ you have bought this fur coat?
A. by whom B. to whom C. with whom D. for whom
14. Spring is ______ the countryside is most beautiful.
A. how B. where C. when D. why
15. That's ______ I was born.
A. where B. place there
C. the place D. the place which
16. His suggestion ______ the meeting be delayed was turned down.
A. which B. that C. / D. it
17. The fire destroyed ______ was in the building.
A. all B. what C. that D. which
18. —What's your problem?
—The problem is ______ we can get so much money.
A. that B. if C. that how D. where
19. —The green typewriter is mine.
—Do you know whose typewriter ______?
A. is this blue one B. this blue one
C. it is this blue one D. this blue one is
20. Please give the book to ______ wins the first prize.
A. whom B. who C. whoever D. whomever
21. ______ is not decided ______ we shall put off the meeting. A. It; that B. That; weather
C. It; if D. It; whether
22. The reason ______ nothing on earth is motionless is ______ the earth is in constant motion (运动).
A. why; that B. that why
C. of; that D. that; because
23. ______ was a well-known fact.
A. That their team was weak B. That their team being weak
C. As their team was weak D. Their team as being weak
24. When ______ our sports meet is still a question.
A. shall we have B. do we have
C. we shall have D. did we have
25. ______ plastics can be widely used in industries.
A. Finding B. To find
C. The finding D. It has been found that
26. ________ proves that my advice is right.
A. It will happen that B. That has happened
C. What has happened D. What it happens
27. It makes no difference ______ you will go today or tomorrow.
A. if B. whether C. that D. either
28. All the books are here. You may borrow ______ you like.
A. which B. that C. what D. whichever
29. What a pity ______ is ______ you didn't arrive by daylight.
A. there; because B. it; that
C. what; that D. whichever; that
30. He hoped ______.
A. that Jenny would go with him B. Jenny to go with him
C. Jenny's to go with him D. Jenny go with him
31. Energy is ______ makes things work.
A. what B. something C. anything D. that
32. Our city has changed a lot, and now it is quite different from few years ago.
A. what it used to be B. that it used to be
C. which it used to be D. what was it
33. —I believe ______ you have done your best and ______ things will be improved.
—Thank you.
A. that; / B. /; / C. what; that D. /; that
34. It was true ______ she did satisfied every one of us.
A. that B. what C. that what D. that which
35. We must do ______ the Party ______ us.
A. as; tell B. as; tells
C. what; tells D. that; tells
36. Which of the following sentences is right?
A. Is when the meeting will be held decided yet?
B. Is it decided when the meeting will be held?
C. Is it decided when will the meeting be held?
D. Has it decided when the meeting will be held?
37. ______ his father was?
A. What did you suppose B. You supposed what
C. What you supposed D. What did you suppose that
38. Ask him how much ______
A. did it cost B. cost it
C. it costed D. it cost
39. What you like is ______ I don't like.
A. that B. which C. what D. not which
40. ______ we need more practice is quite obvious.
A. What B. When C. That D. /
41. He ran back into the room to see if he ______ anything behind.
A. has forgotten B. had forgotten
C. has left D. had left
42. The trouble is ______ we are short of hands.
A. what B. that C. how D. why
43. That is ______ I had to take the risk of being washed away.
A. why B. reason why C. how D. what
44. ______ that not all government officials are honest.
A. My believing is B. It seems to me
C. In my opinion D. I think in my mind
45. Do ______ you think is right ______ difficulties you may have.
A. what; however B. that; whatever
C. whatever; whoever D. all; whatever
46. I did ______ I could ______ the lost child.
A. that; take care of B. and; take care of
C. what; to take care of D. what; take care of
47. Father asked ______.
A. what was wrong with me B. what was wrong with you
C. what's wrong with me D. what wrong was with me
48. Which sentence is wrong?
A. She said, “what a lovely day it is!”
B. She said what a lovely day it was.
C. She said that it was a lovely day.
D. She said what was a lovely day.
49. The teacher told the students that the sun ______ a great amount of light and heat.
A. gave off B. send out
C. gives off D. sent out
50. That is ______ they parted.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
51. Jane is no longer ______ she was four years ago.
A. what B. which C. that D. when
52. I have no idea ______ he will start.
A. when B. that C. what D. /
53. ______ you don't like him is none of my business.
A. What B. That C. What D. Whether
54. ______ is hard is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.
A. Which B. That C. What D. All
55．Can you tell me ______ size trousers you wear?
A．how B．which C．that D．what
56．I've come from the government with a message ______ the meeting
won't be held tomorrow．
A．if B．that C．whether D．weather
57．It remains unknown ______ Xiao Li didn’t go swimming yesterday．
A．why B．that C．which D．what
58．______ you succeed in the end will mainly depend on ______ you do and ______ you do it.
A．If；what；why B．Whether；what；how
C．Whether；how；why D．That；whether；how
59．We all know the truth ______ there are air，water and sunlight，there
are living things．
A．wherever B．where C．that D．that wherever
60．What he left me ______ but a few old books．
A．iS B．has C．are D．have
【常用单词积累】
重点词语讲解
1．order v．点菜；订购；命令
I ordered a hamburg，a salad and a glass of beer．
我点了一只汉堡包，一份沙拉和一杯啤酒。
He has ordered some new books from England．
他从英格兰订购了几本新书。
The doctor ordered him to stay in bed．
医生嘱咐他卧床休息。
order 还可作名词，例如：
Our school placed an order for new text books with the bookstore last month．
上个月我们学校向书店订购了新的课本。
This order must be carried out．这命令必须执行。
I'll have an order of fried chicken．我要一份炸鸡。
2．raise vt．饲养，培育；种植，抚养；提高
A large number of pigs and ducks are raised on this farm．
这个农场饲养了大量的猪和鸭子。
Both husband and wife had to work hard to raise their children．
夫妻二人不得不辛勤劳动来养育他们的孩子。
重点词语辨析
1．finish 与 complete 的辨析
finish 和 complete 都可以表示“完成、结束”之意。请看下面的例句：
He finished writing the article last night．他昨天晚上完成了这篇文章。
Yesterday the Department of Education gave him a medal for having completed
sixty years of teaching．昨天教育部因他任教六十年而向他颁发了一枚奖章。
从以上例句可以看出：finish 与 complete 作为动词，两者均可表示“完成”之意，表示的含义相同。但是在下面的句子中有所不同：
He finished a book yesterday．昨天他读完了一本书。
He completed a book yesterday．昨天他写完了一本书。
另外，complete 还可以作形容词，表示“完美的、完全的、十分的”。例如：
It is a complete failure．此事完全失败。
He is a complete stranger to me．他是我素不相识的人。
2．choose，select 与 elect 的辨析
以上三个词均有“选”之意，但它们之间也有区别，现分析如下：
choose 表示“选择”或“挑选”的意思，例如：
I'll let you choose how you are going to die．我将让你选择你怎样去死。
I've chosen them because of the colours．
我选择它们，是因为它们的颜色。
choose 有时表示“推选”、“选举”的意思。例如：
They chose him monitor of the class．他们选他作为班长。
Last year MrWang was chosen to attend a conference of advanced teachers．
去年汪先生被推选出席了先进教师会议。
select 表示“挑选”、“选定”的意思，一般有主要的目的性。例如：
He looked through the suits and selected a cheapest one for the party．
他在那些衣服里找了一阵，最后为晚会挑了一件最便宜的。
Why didn't you select a better subject for your composition?
你干吗不选一个更好的作文题目呢?
elect 表示“公民选举”的意思。例如：
They elected Jimmy Carter as President．他们选举吉米•卡特为总统。
从以上例句可以看出：elect 一般表示范围较大的、公民式“选举”，即具有正式手续的选举；choose 在表示“选择”时，是一个中性词，表示范围较小、普通的选举；而 select 具有“精心挑选”的意思，是从一个大范围内进行选择。
【单元口语交际】
用餐 Taking meals
常用句型：
Have you ordered yet?
Would you like something to eat／drink?
Would you like some more...?
Anything to follow?
Help yourself to...
Thank you．I’ve had enough．(I’m full．)
Just a little please．
That would be nice．
口语示范：
1.— Would you like a glass of milk?
—______
A．I’d like it B．Yes，plesse
C. No, just a little please D. No, I have had enough
2.—Would you like to have some fish?
— ______ I'd like to have some meat.
A. Yes, please B. No, take it away
C. I don't have it D. No, thanks
3.—Do you want another bowl of rice?
—No, thank you. __________.
A. Just a little, please B. I'm nearly full
C. I've had enough D. It's not enough
4.—______ ?
—We have green vegetables.
A. What supper do you usually have B. What do you usually have for supper
C. What food do you usually have at supper D. What do you usually eat in supper
5.—May I have another chocolate?
—Yes, of course.
A. Help yourself B. Take it yourself C. Have it yourself D. Eat it
6.—How do you like the fish?
—Great, ______ I like it very much.
A. it tastes well B. it's delicious C. it's good at D. it's terrible
7. You are trying to persuade a friend to eat something he or she has never eaten before. What do you say?
A. Come on. Try some. It's delicious. B. Come on, dear. Eat it up. It's good for you.
C. I'm eating it. So can you. D. Help yourself. It tastes well.
8.—I enjoy the dinner very much.
—______.Then have some more.
A．I’m pleased with your words B．Really
C．I’m glad you like it D．Try some please
9.—Here’s the menu for you.______?
—Oh，just a minute．
A．Will you place order now B．Shall I take your order now
C．What can I do for you D．What do you want to eat
10．—Excuseme，______?
—That's $ 5．50 altogether，sir．
A．Can I have the bill，please B．Could I have the order，please
C．How much is the meal we’ve had D．Please count the money，will you
【拓展延伸探究】
技能训练
做好完形填空的技能要求
1．解题思路
(1)纵观全文，弄清大意，从上下关系角度来分析；
(2)上下文联系，前后呼应，寻找信息；
(3)利用逻辑推理、常识进行判断，排除个人经验或认识干扰；
(4)减少或排除汉语思维的干扰；
(5)完成后将选项返回原文，认真复读，进行必要的、合理的调整。
2．训练方法
(1)突出语篇整体思维训练，特别是语篇的逻辑(这里通常包括①作者的叙述方法②角色的动作、感情描叙③作者观点的阐述)。
(2)专项内容训练
①行为动作判断；
② 感情、态度、观点判断；
③ 修饰成分判断；
④ 事物、人物、地点、时间判断。
(3)可采用①将括号词变为适当形式②选词填空③给词首字母填空④填漏词等过渡性技能训练。
(4)可采用完形、阅读综合训练。
A．基本技能训练：
1. Many old people don't have good ______. They can't watch TV. but
they can listen to music or news over the radio.
A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time
2. Some parts of the water are ______ But in some places it is very, very deep.
A. shallow B. high C. cold D. dangerous
3. Mr O'Neil asked ______ questions, and she didn't scold us either.
A. no B. certain C. many D. more
4. Here's a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself ______ so much money.
A. for B. by C. to D. of
5. Behind the dancer there was a woman ______ a large diamond ring.
A. carrying B. dressing C. wearing D. holding
6. Soon I heard a ______ like that of a door burst in, and then a climb of feet.
A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout
7. The boy was ______(1) the water and his boat was ______(2) away.
(1) A. on B. within C. in D. under
(2) A. running B. floating C. flowing D. pulling
8. The back door and the window were all closed there was no ______ of forced entry.
A. scene B. show C. sign D. sight
9. And video cameras can be used to ______ people's actions at home.
A. keep B. make C. record D. watch
10. When the papers were ______ she discovered that twelve boys had
made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test.
A. collected B. completed C. marked D. answered
B．完形填空、阅读综合练习
根据所给字母填空并做其后阅读练习：
We walked in so q ______ that the nurse at the desk didn't e ______ lift her eyes from the book. Mum pointed at a big chair by the door and I knew she wanted me to s ______ down. While I watched mouth open in s ______ ; Mum took off her hat and coat and gave them to me to h ______ She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took out a wet m ______ She pushed the mop past the desk and as the nurse looked u ______ . Mum nodded and said. “very d ______ floors.”
“Yes, I' m glad they' ve finally decided to clean t ______. ” The nurse answered. She looked at Mum s ______ and said. “But aren't you working late?”
Mum just pushed harder. Each swipe of the mop taking her farther and farther down the hall. I watched u ______ she was out of s ______ And the nurse had turned back to write in the big book.
After a long time Mum came b ______ Her eyes were shining. She q______ put the mop b______ and took my hand. As we turned to go out of the door. Mum bowed p ______ to the nurse and said. “Thank you.”
Outside. Mum told me. “Dagmar is fine. No fever.”
“You s ______ her. Mum?”
“Of course I told her about the hospital r ______, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. Dad will s ______ worrying as well. It' s a fine hospital. But such floors! A mop is no good. You need brush.”
1. When she took a mop from the small room what Mum really wanted to do was ______.
A. to clean the floor B. to please the nurse
C．to see a patient D．to surprise the story-teller
2．After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital?
A．It is a children’s hospital B．It has strict rules about visiting hours
C．The conditions there aren’t very good
D．The nurses and doctors there don’t work hard
能力培养
高考中完形填空的能力要求
1．要有足够的语法知识和丰富的词语知识，但对于语法进行的不是显形考查，也就是不直接为考语法而涉及语法知识，准确运用词语和语法知识能帮助选词确切。
2．要有英语阅读理解能力，这包括良好的阅读习惯、熟练的阅读技巧、快速的理解能力、浏览能力和搜索能力。
3．善于分析文章的结构，理解文章的主旨思想，在头脑中快速形成条块结构。
4．要有一定的逻辑思维能力，运用总结、概括、分析、归纳、推理、判断等迅速抓住文章中心思想。
5．阅读中要善于抓住相关信息词语，能够注意到关键性词语。例如：but，so，although，and，however，otherwise等。
6．掌握一定的解题方法和技巧，一般做题要有三步曲：
先通读全文，力求弄清短文主题，注意关键性词语与信息词，特别是开头提示句；确定选项，一般是边读边带入选项，看哪一个能够表达文中意思。选定答案后重新通读全文，特别注意上下文提示，看全文是否浑然一体、通顺、流畅，对于不合适的选项进行修正。
请练习下面的完形填空：
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
If you want to stay young，sit down and have a good think．This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors，who said that most of our brains are not getting enough ______(1)；and as a result，we are growing old ______ (2)．
Professor Matsuzawa wanted to find out why quite ________ (3) farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ________ (4) to think and reason (推理) at a rather early age, and ________ (5) the speed of getting old could be ______ (6) down.
With a team of researchers at Tokyo National University, he ________ (7)about measuring brain volumes (容量) of a thousand people of different ages with different jobs.
Computer technology helped the researchers to get most ________ (8) measure of the volume of the front and side parts of the brain, which have something to ________ (9) with intellect (智力) and feelings, and ________ (10) the human character. ________ (11) we all know, the black part of the brain, which ________(12) tasks like eating and breathing ,does contract (萎缩) with ages.
Contraction of the front and side parts was ________ (13) in some people in their thirties, ________ (14) it was still found in ________ (15) sixty and seven-ty-year-olds. Matsuzawa concluded from his test that _____ (16) is a simple way to ________(17) the contraction using the head. The findings show that contraction of the brain begins ________ (18) in people in the country than in towns. Those with least possibility are lawyers ________(19) by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing the same work ________ (20) in a government officers are possible to have contraction brains as the farm workers.
1. A. practice B. care C. exercise D. oxygen
2. A. necessary B. necessarily
C. unnecessary D. unnecessarily
3. A. healthy B. old C. young D. clever
4. A. ways B. ability C. effects D. beliefs
5. A. what B. how C. whether D. when
6. A. laid B. put C. slowed D. died
7. A. set B. thought C. looked D. cared
8. A. exact B. rough C. general D. great
9. A. break B. agree C. deal D do
10. A. test B. examine C. decide D find
11. A. Since B. As C. What D Although
12. A. carries B. finishes C. controls D works
13. A. seen B. limited C. stopped D cured
14. A. and yet B. if C. so D for
15. A. over B. under C. below D some
16. A. as B. this C. it D there
17. A. increase B. enlarge C. prevent D keep
18. A. earlier B. later C. steadier D sooner
19. A. supported B. followed C. admired D respected
20. A. day after day B. day and night C. now and then D. up and down
【课本习题解答】
Lesson 14
3 Note making
FACTS (事实)
1. First record of agriculture (date/place): 10,000 years ago, in Egypt, the Middle East and India
2. Present world population: 5.2 bilhon 3. Farming population: 1 billion
4. Two thirds of the world's surface is water
5. 11% of the land surface can be used for growing crops
REASONS FOR LOSS OF FARMLAND (耕地面积缩小的原因)
1. Land is being built on;
2. Land is being lost by the actions of the wind and the rain
3. Land is becoming too salty.
WAYS OF INCREASING FOOD PRODUCTION (增加粮食产量的方法)
1. Increasing the farmland are by irrigation;
2. Developing new plants which produce heavier crops;
3. Developing new plants which can grow in poor soil;
4. Developing new plants which are less likely to be attacked by pests and diseases
4 Reference 1. when: about 10,000 years ago 2. that is: 1 bilhon people 3. The problem: how to feed a growing world population
4. this: water
5. this area: 11% of the earth' s land surface 6. it: the farmland
7. The same: desert land can now be used for growing crops
8. That: new types of plants
Lessou 15
2 Practice
1.What 2. How 3. that 4. which 5.How many 6. Where 7. Whether 8.who
3 Practice
1 .ruin 2.was/would be 3.be provided 4.keep 5. add 6. get 7. wipe 8. needed
4 Practice
1. I have no idea whether the crops will be ruined or not.
2. I has an idea who had stolen the ham from the butcher.
3. I didn't know the reason why the peasants there didn't keep geese.
4. I'm sure that the problem can be solved. 5. The question who is going to give a speech remains to be decided. 6. What she said was exactly what we expected to hear. 7. I made a promise that the vegetables would not be sold. 8. It is already a fact that throughout China people work five days a week. 9. We must remember the fact that goats usually live in mountainous country.
Lesson 16
2 Word study
1.Wipe 2. mice 3. mountainous 4. filled 5. oxen
6. damp 7.jar 8. celebrate 9. Geese 1O.mined
3 Writing
根据所给的提示，写一段关于中国农业的短文。注意在适当的地方使用 or, and,but, if, also 等连词，使前后语气连贯，层次清楚。
China has only 7 % of the world' s land, but successfully feeds 22% of the world' s population. It has the largest irrigated area of farmland in the world and grows more than a third of the rice crop. Fish farming is also important. Fresh-water fish can be produced wherever you live. Vegetable waste is used to feed pigs or/and chickens. Gas produced from human and animal waste is used for heating and cooking. If the rest of the world had fair ownership of land like China, there would be no more starvation.
|
